Birds of North America Home Page

Field Guide for all the Birds of North America


Baltimore Oriole

Oriole de Baltimore

Icterus galbula

Information, images and range maps on over 1,000 birds of North America, including sub-species, vagrants, introduced birds and possibilities


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Species: The Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula), is known as one of the two sub-species of the "Northern Oriole", the other being the Bullock's Oriole. It was given its' name by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, whose dress reflected the same colourations. This is the state bird of Maryland.

Distinctions: Breeds throughout the eastern parts of North America, west as far as the western areas of Alberta. This is mostly likely the only orange bird seen north of most of the southern US states. It can be confused with the Bullock's Oriole and the difference is that the Baltimore Oriole has an all-black head and lesser white feathering on the wings. Females of the two species are very similar. More of an overall orange tone than green when compared to the female Bullock's Oriole.

Voice: Clear flute-like whistle, carried by single and double notes, very pleasant to the ear.

Nesting: Four to six greyish eggs, with brown and black coloured spots. Orioles build their nest high in the crowns of trees. These nests are very recognizable, seen as hanging baskets, woven together using plant fibres, bark from branches, string and any other such materials that can be manipulated to form a nest attached to swaying limbs.

Birds of North America
  • Baltimore Oriole
  • Baltimore Oriole
  • Baltimore Oriole
  • Baltimore Oriole
  • Baltimore Oriole
  • Baltimore Oriole

Life, Habitat & Pictures of the Baltimore Oriole

B L W W W Family Latin Name
8.75" 22.2cm 11.5" 29.2cm 1.2oz 34g Icteridae Icterus galbula

Baltimore Oriole Calls

  1. Tap to hear Choice 1 Baltimore Oriole
  2. Tap to hear Choice 2 Baltimore Oriole
  3. Tap to hear Choice 3 Baltimore Oriole
  4. Tap to hear Choice 4 Baltimore Oriole


  • Summer
  • Year Around
  • Winter
Baltimore Oriole range
baltimore oriole, picture of orioles

Distribution: The Baltimore Oriole can be found from Newfoundland and Labrador, through southern Quebec and Ontario across the southern prairies to eastern British Columbia. Into Montana, through the central states to eastern Texas, eastward through Louisiana to the Carolina states, northward to Nova Scotia. It spends its winter throughout Florida, Mexico, Central and South America.


References to Other Bird Sites:

These are links to websites pertaining to the different birding institutions, societies and organizations here in North America. Some of these same sites are a great asset to seeking out knowledge on birds in other regions of the world. Each of these links offer the user different methods to identify birds, whether it be by regions, habitat, appearance or maybe colour. Knowledge on the possibilities of where and what birds might be present are included.

Hinterland Who's Who Welcome to the Web site for Hinterland Who's Who It all started in 1963, with black-and-white vignettes about the loon, the moose, the gannet and the beaver. For more than 50 years, Hinterland Who’s Who has proudly been bringing Canada’s iconic wildlife directly into Canadians’ homes. Re-launched in 2003, the new series serves to rebuild the connection thousands of viewers made with wildlife through the original series. Welcome to our new website! Have a look around, and learn how you can help ensure that the wildlife remains part of what it means to be Canadian.

Avibase - the world bird database This site provides the user with a complete list of bird species, broken down per country, or in the example of the US or Canada, per state and province. Here, bird species names are available in other languages, a great asset to be used as a translation of foreign bird names.

ABA - American Birding Association This site represents an organization that maintains official records of all birds species that have been proven to have been seen inside the perimeters of the North American Continent and the surrounding bodies of water. Regular revised versions are posted to keep the bird list current at all times. This is the list used by all serious birders over their lifetime. You may be aware of the movie called the "Big Year". It was with this list that all the competing birders used in an attempt to set a new record as to how many bird species that could be seen by an individual birder in one calendar year.

The description to follow is taken from the AOS Home Page.

AOS - The American Ornitholgy Society is an international society devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of birds, enriching ornithology as a profession, and promoting a rigorous scientific basis for the conservation of birds. As one of the world's oldest and largest ornithological societies, AOS produces scientific publications of the highest quality, hosts intellectually engaging and professionally vital meetings, serves ornithologists at every career stage, pursues a global perspective, and informs public policy on all issues important to ornithology and ornithological collections. AOS is distinguished by its tremendous collective expertise, including eminent scientists, conservation practitioners, early career innovators, and students.

ABC - American Bird Conservancy This is an organization started in Europe and is now formed in North America in the 1990's. It bases its goal on four approaches, Halt extinctions, Protect habitat, Eliminate threats and to Build capacity. One of their ways of achieving these goals, is by purchasing and leasing lands around already protected lands and creating larger safe zones for all its habitants.

eBird - TheCornellLab of Ornithology eBird is a must for any individual, who has an interest in birds. This site allows users to sign up and participate in recording birds seen on a daily basis as well as the location, for any bird species seen in the world. In addition, users can use the existing data to search out the location of bird species throughout the year. By using filters, information as to the movements can be determined. Photos can be added to identify individual birds. Migration pattern can be calculated using information by months or years as needed. Range maps can be verified, allowing the users to see where the presence of individual bird species are expected to be at certain times of the year.

NA - National Geographic The Society of National Geographic provides some of the best books available for those who have an interest in birds. The book called "The Complete Birds of North America", is a book recommended to be part of any birders library. This book covers all the native and vagrant species of birds seen on the North American Continent. It provides information on all the birds listed on the ABA bird list. This book goes into great details, describing the individual species and their races. That aside, their website provides wonderful information pertaining to many articles regarding nature.

NAC - National Audubon Society The National Audubon Society is the oldest organization in North America. It was initially formed for the preservation of egrets and herons as well as waders, who were being hunted and killed, so their feathers could be used in the clothing industry. Today, there are many chapters of the NAS all over the continent and all individual groups have a common goal, to educate the public. In doing so, creating awareness of the birds and their plights. They were the driving force in promoting the original international laws, protecting migratory birds. Today, their website has made information available on articles, images and sounds, relating to all the native birds seen in North America.


I hope you will take advantage of these suggested websites. I have used each of them, in one way or another, throughout the years in my quest to better identify and understand our fine feathered friends.


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